Revelation 20:1-10 - Exposition - Part 1

 What is the literary structure of Revelation 20:1-10? Two complementary structures are possible:

Chronological Structure of Revelation 20:1-10

Revelation 20:1-3 – Inauguration of the Reign

Revelation 20:4-6 – Continuation of the Reign

Revelation 20:7-10 – Completion of the Reign

The second structure that complements the first is as follows

        Revelation 20:1-3 – The millennial reign on earth

        Revelation 20:4-6 – The millennial reign in heaven

        Revelation 20:7-10 –Events on earth

The full justification of the above structure (s) will be given in the following studies.

Revelation 20:1-3

“Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven, holding in his hand the key to the bottomless pit and a great chain. And he seized the dragon, that ancient serpent, who is the devil and Satan, and bound him for a thousand years, and threw him into the pit, and shut it and sealed it over him, so that he might not deceive the nations any longer, until the thousand years were ended. After that he must be released for a little while.”

Why was Satan bound? Was he bound so that he should do nothing? Verse 3 says that the devil was bound not to deceive the nations. Does this includes all forms of deception? Verse 8 gives more clarity about the specific nature of "deception."

Revelation 20:7, 8: “And when the thousand years are ended, Satan will be released from his prison and will come out to deceive the nations that are at the four corners of the earth, Gog and Magog, to gather them for battle; their number is like the sand of the sea.”

When Satan is released from prison, what he will do is going to deceive the nations in order to gather them for the final battle. So it is better to understand that Revelation 20: 3 says that he was bound so that he would not deceive the whole unbelieving nations so as to gather them together to make the final war against God's people.

God's Word prophesies that the devil and his army will seek to destroy God's people before the coming of the Lord.

Ezekiel 38:16: “You [Gog, Magog] will come up against my people Israel, like a cloud covering the land. In the latter days I will bring you against my land, that the nations may know me, when through you, O Gog, I vindicate my holiness before their eyes.”

Zechariah 14:2: “For I will gather all the nations against Jerusalem to battle, and the city shall be taken and the houses plundered and the women raped. Half of the city shall go out into exile, but the rest of the people shall not be cut off from the city.”

Revelation encourages God's people. That great war in which the devil will finally try to destroy the people of God will only happen when God allows it. One day God will allow the devil (loose him). On that day he will go out to seduce all the nations, to gather them together for war against the saints.

Why was Devil unable to destroy the church in the first century? He could have used the Roman army to destroy the small flock of God’s people. Revelation unequivocally says: Satan is bound.

Revelation 20:7-10

And when the thousand years are endedSatan will be released from his prison and will come out to deceive the nations that are at the four corners of the earth, Gog and Magog, to gather them for battle; their number is like the sand of the sea. And they marched up over the broad plain of the earth and surrounded the camp of the saints and the beloved city, but fire came down from heaven and consumed them, 10 and the devil who had deceived them was thrown into the lake of fire and sulfur where the beast and the false prophet were, and they will be tormented day and night forever and ever.”

At the end of the thousand years, Satan will be released. God will allow him. For what? To fight the last battle against God’s people. Old Testament prophesies also indicate that.

Ezekiel 38:3-6: “…..Thus says the Lord God: Behold, I am against you, O Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. And I will turn you about and put hooks into your jaws, and I will bring you out, and all your army, horses and horsemen, all of them clothed in full armor, a great host, all of them with buckler and shield, wielding swords. Persia, Cush, and Put are with them, all of them with shield and helmet; Gomer and all his hordes; Beth-togarmah from the uttermost parts of the north with all his hordes—many peoples are with you.”

Zechariah 14:2: “For I will gather all the nations against Jerusalem to battle, and the city shall be taken and the houses plundered and the women raped. Half of the city shall go out into exile, but the rest of the people shall not be cut off from the city.”

Here we see the sovereignty of the Lord God. Our God allows the Devil and his men to fight against his people. He then punishes them with eternal destruction because of their wickedness.

The second epistle to the Thessalonians speaks of the same thing.

2 Thessalonians 2:3-12: “ Let no one deceive you in any way. For that day will not come, unless the rebellion comes first, and the man of lawlessness is revealed, the son of destruction,[c] who opposes and exalts himself against every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God. Do you not remember that when I was still with you I told you these things? And you know what is restraining him now so that he may be revealed in his time. For the mystery of lawlessness is already at work. Only he who now restrains it will do so until he is out of the way. And then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord Jesus will kill with the breath of his mouth and bring to nothing by the appearance of his coming. The coming of the lawless one is by the activity of Satan with all power and false signs and wonders, 10 and with all wicked deception for those who are perishing, because they refused to love the truth and so be saved. 11 Therefore God sends them a strong delusion, so that they may believe what is false, 12 in order that all may be condemned who did not believe the truth but had pleasure in unrighteousness.”

Reading Revelation 20 and 2 Thessalonians 2 together will reveal certain truths:

1. Before the return of Christ, Satan's works will be intensified as never before.

2. Before the return of Christ, God's people around the world will be persecuted by unbelievers as      never before.

3. At the Second Coming of the Lord, God will forever punish those who persecute His people and      God will protect His people.

Revelation 20

2 Thessalonians 2

“Satan bound” by angel (20:1-3)

The Mystery of  Iniquity, coming of Man of Sin, activity of Satan restrained by restrainer (2:6, 7)

Short time of loosing after Millennium (20:3; 20:7-9)

Restrainer taken out of the way and the man of lawlessness revealed shortly before the second advent (2:2, 3, 8)

During this period nations are deceived (20:7-9)

Those who are perishing believe a lie (2:9-11), deceived

Satan and the nations destroyed (20:9, 10)

Man of sin and those who believed the lie judged by Christ’s second Advent (2:8, 12)

Practical lessons:

1.       Satan is bound today. He will not be able to destroy God's people today. God's people will continue to carry out their assigned responsibilities. Evangelism will continue. This awareness inspires us.

2.    God will allow the devil in the future. Forewarned is forearmed. The devil and his army will surround God's people. But he will not be able to destroy God's people. The Lord will fight for his people. We can prepare ourselves because we know in advance the plans of the enemy. Let us prepare for the last great battle.

Revelation 20:4-6

Then I saw thrones, and seated on them were those to whom the authority to judge was committed. Also I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded for the testimony of Jesus and for the word of God, and those who had not worshiped the beast or its image and had not received its mark on their foreheads or their hands. They came to life and reigned with Christ for a thousand years. The rest of the dead did not come to life until the thousand years were ended. This is the first resurrection. Blessed and holy is the one who shares in the first resurrection! Over such the second death has no power, but they will be priests of God and of Christ, and they will reign with him for a thousand years.”

John saw thrones in Revelation 20:4. He also saw those who sat on the throne. Where are the thrones of Revelation 20:4 situated?

·         The throne(s) appears 47 times in the book of Revelation. Twice (2:13; 13:2) it refers to Satan’s throne and once it refers to the throne of the beast (16:10). On three occasions it refers to God’s throne on the new earth when it comes down from heaven (21:3,5; 22:1; 22:3). In every other instance (39 times), it refers to a throne in heaven, either that of God the Father, of Christ, of the twenty four elders.

Throne (s)

Place

Number of times

Throne of God and Lamb

Heaven

36

Thrones of 24 elders

Heaven

3 (4:4 2x; 11:16)

Throne of God in the New Earth

New Earth

4(21:3, 5; 22:1; 22:3)

Throne of Satan, throne of the beast

Earth

3 (2:13; 13:2; 16:10)

Revelation 21-22 reveals when will the throne of God which is situated in heaven will come to the New Earth.

Revelation 21:1-4: “Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and the sea was no more. And I saw the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, “Behold, the dwelling place of God is with man. He will dwell with them, and they will be his people, and God himself will be with them as their God. He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death shall be no more, neither shall there be mourning, nor crying, nor pain anymore, for the former things have passed away.”

Revelation 22:1-3: “Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, bright as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb through the middle of the street of the city; also, on either side of the river, the tree of life with its twelve kinds of fruit, yielding its fruit each month. The leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations. No longer will there be anything accursed, but the throne of God and of the Lamb will be in it, and his servants will worship him.”

Therefore, we can reasonably take the thrones (which may be of the 24 elder’s) of Revelation 20:4 to be situated in heaven since it occurs before the coming of the New Earth.

Revelation 20:4-6

Then I saw thrones, and seated on them were those to whom the authority to judge was committed. Also I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded for the testimony of Jesus and for the word of God, and those who had not worshiped the beast or its image and had not received its mark on their foreheads or their hands. They came to life and reigned with Christ for a thousand years. The rest of the dead did not come to life until the thousand years were ended. This is the first resurrection. Blessed and holy is the one who shares in the first resurrection! Over such the second death has no power, but they will be priests of God and of Christ, and they will reign with him for a thousand years.”

What did John see? Souls. The word "psychas" is used in Greek. The word “psychas” has two meanings.

1. Disembodied soul: the soul separated from the body

2. Whole person

In what sense is the word “psychas” used in Revelation 20:4?

It can be seen from the context that Revelation 20: 4 describes about the disembodied souls.

Reasons:

1.       Revelation 20: 4 refers to the souls of those who have been beheaded.

2.     The Greek verb translated, beheaded, is in the perfect tense. This demands a translation something like this: “souls who remain in a condition of having been beheaded.” The perfect tense plainly informs us that the effects of their being beheaded continue into the present.

3.     We need to understand that the effects of the beheading continue when John sees the spirits. If John saw a decapitated human body (headless body), it would be a horrible sight. That view is not what John is referring to here. On the contrary, John saw disembodied souls.

4.      The parallel found in Revelation chapter six proves this. Everyone will agree that Revelation 6:9 uses “souls” to describe disembodied souls.

Revelation 6:9: “When he opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain for the word of God and for the witness they had borne.”

Revelation 6:9

Revelation 20:4

The souls of those who had been slain

The souls of those who had been beheaded

For the word of God

For the word of God

For the witness they had borne

For the testimony of Jesus


Everyone (including premillennialists) agrees that Revelation 6: 9 is written about the disembodied souls of believers in heaven. It is clear, then, that the souls found in Revelation 20:4 are also the spirits of believers in heaven.


(Continued)





(The writings are not original to the author of this blog. It is taken from other sources and has been edited, sometimes paraphrased)

References:

1. Beale, G. K. The Book of Revelation. (The New International Greek Testament Commentary, NIGTC). Eerdmans.
2. Storms, C. Samuel. Kingdom Come: The Amillennial Alternative.
3. Waldron, Samuel E. The End Times Made Simple.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Problems with Premillennialism

Revelation 20:1-10 - Exposition – part 2